5
Answer: ASet 4: Text Structure (Advanced)
Explanation
PASSAGE
Sympatric speciation occurs without geographic isolation. A subset of a population develops a new niche within the same range. Over time, behavioral or temporal barriers preventing interbreeding arise, leading to distinct species sharing the same space.
Which choice best describes the process?
A. Divergence driven by ecological specialization rather than physical separation.✓ Correct
B. Species separating because of a mountain range.
C. Animals migrating to a new island.
D. Hybridization of two different species.
Detailed Explanation
Condition: No isolation. Mechanism: New niche (Specialization). Result: Barriers/Species.
Key Evidence:
• "without geographic isolation"
• "new niche"
• "same space"
Why others are wrong: B (Allopatric.), C (Allopatric.), D (Speciation, not hybrid.).