Set 2: Inferences (Intermediate)

Explanation

Answer: C

PASSAGE

Coral bleaching occurs when rising ocean temperatures stress coral organisms, causing them to expel the symbiotic algae that give them color and nutrients. Some coral species can recover if temperatures decrease, but prolonged heat waves often result in coral death. Current climate projections suggest such heat waves will become more frequent.

Based on the passage, what is the likely long-term outlook for coral reefs?

A. All coral will recover quickly from bleaching events.

B. Coral reefs are completely unaffected by climate change.

C. Increasing heat wave frequency poses a significant threat to coral survival.✓ Correct

D. Coral death only occurs during brief temperature spikes.

Detailed Explanation

This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. Prolonged heat waves kill coral; climate projections show more heat waves = growing threat. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.

Key Evidence:

• "prolonged heat waves often result in coral death"

• "heat waves will become more frequent"

Why others are wrong: A ('Prolonged heat waves' prevent recovery.), B (Rising temperatures cause bleaching and death.), D ('Prolonged' (not brief) heat waves cause death.).

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