2

Set 5: Inferences (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

Oral traditions preserved by indigenous communities often contradict written colonial records. Historians have increasingly recognized that privileging written sources reflects a bias favoring literate colonizers over colonized peoples whose knowledge was transmitted differently. Validating oral evidence requires different methodological standards than textual analysis.

What historiographical shift does the passage describe?

A. Written sources are the only valid historical evidence.
B. Expanding the definition of legitimate evidence to include non-written forms challenges implicit hierarchies in historical methodology.✓ Correct
C. Indigenous communities left no historical records.
D. Oral traditions always agree with written accounts.

Detailed Explanation

'Validating oral evidence' + 'privileging written reflects bias' = expanding evidence challenges hierarchies.

Key Evidence:

• "privileging written sources reflects a bias"

• "validating oral evidence requires different methodological standards"

Why others are wrong: A (That's the bias being challenged.), C (Oral traditions are records.), D (They 'often contradict.').

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