Set 1: Inferences (Advanced)
Explanation
PASSAGE
Sociologist Max Weber argued that the Protestant work ethicāemphasizing diligence, frugality, and treating work as a callingācontributed to the rise of capitalism in Northern Europe. Later scholars have questioned this thesis, noting that capitalist practices existed in Catholic regions and that correlation between Protestantism and wealth may reflect other historical factors.
What epistemological issue does the scholarly debate illustrate?
Detailed Explanation
This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. Correlation may 'reflect other factors' = causation is difficult to establish from historical patterns. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.
Key Evidence:
ā¢ "correlation may reflect other historical factors"
ā¢ "capitalist practices existed in Catholic regions"
Why others are wrong: A (Weber argued there was a connection.), B ('Later scholars questioned' indicates critique.), D (It 'existed in Catholic regions' too.).