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Set 3: Cross-Text Connections

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

Text 1 The Turing Test evaluates a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior indistinguishable from a human. If a human judge cannot tell if they are conversing with a human or a machine, the machine is said to have passed. Text 2 The Chinese Room argument refutes the Turing Test's validity as a measure of understanding. It demonstrates that a system can simulate intelligence (manipulating symbols according to rules) without having any actual consciousness or semantic intent.

How does Text 2 undermine the criterion established in Text 1?

A. It distinguishes between the simulation of behavior (performance) and the possession of genuine understanding (consciousness).✓ Correct
B. It says machines cannot pass the test.
C. It proves machines are smart.
D. It says the test is too hard.

Detailed Explanation

Text 1: Passing = Indistinguishable behavior. Text 2: Simulating != Understanding (Chinese Room). Undermining: Performance vs Consciousness.

Key Evidence:

• "simulate intelligence"

• "without ... consciousness"

Why others are wrong: B (They can simulate.), C (Simulation.), D (Validity.).

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