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Set 3: Cross-Text Connections

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

Text 1 Nudges are subtle design changes that alter behavior without forbidding options. For example, placing fruit at eye level in a cafeteria encourages healthy eating while still allowing people to choose junk food. Text 2 Critics call nudging 'soft paternalism.' They argue it is manipulative, bypassing rational deliberation to exploit psychological biases. Who decides what is a 'good' choice, and does this undermine autonomy?

What ethical concern does Text 2 raise about the methodology described in Text 1?

A. It questions whether influencing behavior through subconscious manipulation infringes on personal freedom.✓ Correct
B. It says fruit is bad.
C. It claims nudges don't work.
D. It suggests banning junk food.

Detailed Explanation

Text 1: Nudge = Subtle/No ban. Text 2: Soft paternalism/Manipulative/Undermine autonomy. Concern: Manipulation/Freedom.

Key Evidence:

• "bypassing rational deliberation"

• "undermine autonomy"

Why others are wrong: B (No.), C (They work (exploit).), D (Text 1 says no ban.).

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