7

Set 5: Central Ideas (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

The following text describes 'The Trolley Problem'. The Trolley Problem is a thought experiment in ethics. A trolley is barreling down a track towards five tied-up people. You stand near a lever that can divert the trolley to another track where only one person is tied up. From a utilitarian perspective, the choice is clear: switch the track to save five lives at the cost of one. However, deontological ethics might argue that actively pulling the lever constitutes an intentional act of killing, which is inherently wrong regardless of the consequences.

Why might a deontologist refuse to pull the lever in the Trolley Problem?

A. Because saving five people is not important
B. Because the action itself (intentional killing) is inherently wrong✓ Correct
C. Because they want to see the train crash
D. Because they calculate the one person is more valuable

Detailed Explanation

Choice B is correct. The text states deontology might argue 'effectively pulling the lever constitutes an intentional act of killing, which is inherently wrong regardless of the consequences.'

Key Evidence:

• "intentional act of killing"

• "inherently wrong regardless of the consequences"

Why others are wrong: A (Misinterpretation), C (Absurd), D (Not mentioned).

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