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Set 1: Text Structure (Intermediate)

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

While many assume that all bacteria are harmful, most are actually benign or even beneficial. For instance, the bacteria in our gut are essential for digestion. Without them, our bodies would struggle to process food efficiently.

Which choice best describes the function of the second sentence?

A. It provides a specific example to support the claim made in the first sentence.✓ Correct
B. It introduces a counter-argument to the idea that bacteria are helpful.
C. It explains the process of infection caused by harmful bacteria.
D. It summarizes the main idea of the entire text.

Detailed Explanation

Sentence 1 claims most bacteria are helpful. Sentence 2 gives an example ('For instance, bacteria in our gut').

Key Evidence:

• "most are actually benign or even beneficial"

• "For instance"

Why others are wrong: B (It supports the claim, doesn't counter it.), C (It talks about digestion, not infection.), D (It's a supporting detail, not the summary.).

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