How should I approach this reading question type?

First, identify the core claim of the text. Look for transition words like 'however' or 'furthermore' which signal changes in the author's logic. Then, match the evidence directly to the options provided.

What is the common trap in wrong answers for this category?

The most common trap is 'extreme language' (e.g., 'always', 'never') or 'unsupported inferences' that go beyond what is explicitly stated in the provided text snippet.

Why is the correct answer better than the close alternatives?

The correct answer usually captures the most direct and necessary evidence from the text, whereas alternatives often focus on minor details or distort the author's primary subject.

Set 4: Text Structure (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: D

PASSAGE

Groupthink suppresses dissent to maintain consensus. Members self-censor, fearing exclusion. The result is often a flawed decision made with high confidence, as no one dared to point out the obvious risks.

Which choice best describes the causal chain?

A. Debate -> Disagreement -> Compromise -> Success

B. Problem -> Analysis -> Solution

C. Leader -> Orders -> Obedience -> Efficiency

D. Social pressure -> Self-censorship -> Illusory unanimity -> Poor outcome✓ Correct

Detailed Answer Explanation

This question tests your understanding of how the text is organized. Pressure to maintain consensus -> Self-censor -> High confidence (Illusory unanimity) -> Flawed decision (Poor outcome). Authors structure their writing purposefully to guide readers through their ideas. Identify the organizational pattern (cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution) and how each part contributes to the whole. Authors choose organizational patterns deliberately to enhance their message. Recognizing whether a text uses chronological order, cause-effect, compare-contrast, or problem-solution helps you understand the author's purpose and follow the logic.

Key Evidence:

• "suppresses dissent"

• "self-censor"

• "flawed decision"

• "high confidence"

Why others are wrong: A (No debate.), B (Bad analysis.), C (Not about orders.).

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