5

Set 2: Text Structure (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

Correlation does not imply causation. Ice cream sales and shark attacks both rise in summer, but one does not cause the other. Both are driven by a confounding variable: heat.

Which choice best describes the text's argumentative technique?

A. It uses a logical fallacy as a teaching example to explain a statistical principle.✓ Correct
B. It proves that ice cream attracts sharks.
C. It lists dangerous summer activities.
D. It explains the biology of sharks.

Detailed Explanation

Principle: No causation. Example: Ice Cream/Sharks (Fallacy). Explanation: Confounding variable.

Key Evidence:

• "does not imply causation"

• "confounding variable"

Why others are wrong: B (Explicitly denies this.), C (Stats example.), D (No biology.).

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