Set 5: Inferences (Intermediate)
Explanation
PASSAGE
The human microbiome contains roughly 38 trillion bacteria—slightly more than the number of human cells in the body. This ratio has led some researchers to question whether the boundaries of 'the self' should be expanded to include these microbial inhabitants, since they are essential to digestion, immunity, and even mood regulation.
What philosophical implication is raised by the research?
Detailed Explanation
This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. Questioning if 'the self' should include microbes = expanding identity beyond traditional human-cell boundaries. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.
Key Evidence:
• "question whether the boundaries of 'the self' should be expanded"
Why others are wrong: A (They're 'essential,' not harmful.), B (Multiple health functions = relevant.), C ('Essential to digestion, immunity, mood.').