2

Set 5: Inferences (Intermediate)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

The human microbiome contains roughly 38 trillion bacteria—slightly more than the number of human cells in the body. This ratio has led some researchers to question whether the boundaries of 'the self' should be expanded to include these microbial inhabitants, since they are essential to digestion, immunity, and even mood regulation.

What philosophical implication is raised by the research?

A. Bacteria are harmful parasites.
B. Traditional notions of individual identity may be too narrow.✓ Correct
C. Humans have no need for bacteria.
D. The microbiome is irrelevant to health.

Detailed Explanation

Questioning if 'the self' should include microbes = expanding identity beyond traditional human-cell boundaries.

Key Evidence:

• "question whether the boundaries of 'the self' should be expanded"

Why others are wrong: A (They're 'essential,' not harmful.), C ('Essential to digestion, immunity, mood.'), D (Multiple health functions = relevant.).

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