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Answer: BSet 4: Inferences (Intermediate)
Explanation
PASSAGE
The construction of the transcontinental railroad transformed the American West, enabling faster settlement and commerce. It also had devastating effects on Indigenous populations, who were displaced from ancestral lands, and on ecosystems, as bison were hunted nearly to extinction to feed railway workers.
What can be inferred about technological progress?
A. Major technological achievements never have negative consequences.
B. Progress often involves complex tradeoffs, with benefits and harms unequally distributed.✓ Correct
C. Indigenous populations benefited from the railroad.
D. Bison populations increased after the railroad was built.
Detailed Explanation
Faster commerce for some, displacement and extinction for others—unequal distribution of effects.
Key Evidence:
• "faster settlement and commerce"
• "devastating effects on Indigenous populations"
Why others are wrong: A ('Devastating effects' are mentioned.), C (They were 'displaced.'), D ('Hunted nearly to extinction.').