Set 1: Inferences (Intermediate)
Explanation
PASSAGE
The mantis shrimp possesses the most complex eyes in the animal kingdom, with 16 types of color receptors compared to humans' three. Paradoxically, laboratory tests suggest mantis shrimp are worse at distinguishing between similar colors than humans. Scientists theorize their visual system is optimized for speed rather than precision, allowing rapid identification of prey and predators.
What can be inferred about the mantis shrimp's visual abilities?
Detailed Explanation
This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. 16 receptors yet worse discrimination—complexity optimized for speed, not precision discrimination. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.
Key Evidence:
• "worse at distinguishing between similar colors"
• "optimized for speed rather than precision"
Why others are wrong: B (Their vision is optimized for a different purpose.), C (More receptors didn't improve discrimination.), D (Humans are better at color distinction.).