Set 3: Inferences
Explanation
PASSAGE
Certain bacteria living in deep-sea hydrothermal vents survive without sunlight by converting chemicals from the vents into energy—a process called chemosynthesis. These bacteria form the base of unique ecosystems completely independent of photosynthesis.
What can be inferred about life in hydrothermal vent ecosystems?
Detailed Explanation
This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. Bacteria use chemosynthesis (not photosynthesis) to create energy, and they 'form the base of ecosystems'—proving non-solar energy can support life. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.
Key Evidence:
• "converting chemicals into energy"
• "base of unique ecosystems"
Why others are wrong: B (These organisms live without sunlight.), C (Chemical energy use makes them distinct.), D (Life exists there—bacteria and ecosystems.).