Set 5: Inferences (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

Researchers found that identical resumes received significantly fewer callbacks when bearing stereotypically Black names versus stereotypically White names. The study measured discrimination's effect without requiring employers to admit bias—behavior revealed what attitudes surveys might not. This 'audit study' methodology has become influential for documenting discrimination empirically.

What advantage of the research methodology does the passage highlight?

A. Surveys always accurately capture discriminatory attitudes.

B. Measuring behavior can bypass self-reporting limitations when studying sensitive topics.✓ Correct

C. Discrimination cannot be documented empirically.

D. Employers openly acknowledged their bias.

Detailed Explanation

This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. 'Behavior revealed what attitudes surveys might not' + 'without requiring employers to admit' = bypassing self-report limits. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.

Key Evidence:

• "measured discrimination's effect without requiring employers to admit bias"

Why others are wrong: A (Surveys 'might not' capture it.), C (The study documented it empirically.), D (No admission was required.).

← Previous Next →