4
Answer: DSet 4: Command of Evidence
Explanation
PASSAGE
The 'bystander effect' describes the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim when other people are present. Psychologists explain this by 'diffusion of responsibility'—each person assumes someone else will act.
Which scenario best illustrates the bystander effect?
A. A person walking alone helps a stranger who falls.
B. In a crowded subway, no one helps a person who dropped their wallet.
C. A lifeguard saves a drowning swimmer.
D. A teacher comforts a crying student.✓ Correct
Detailed Explanation
The bystander effect requires 'other people present' and 'less likely to help. ' A crowded subway with no one helping fits this exactly.
Key Evidence:
• "less likely to help"
• "when other people are present"
Why others are wrong: A (The person is alone, so there are no bystanders.), C (A lifeguard has explicit responsibility.), D (A teacher has explicit responsibility.).