7

Set 1: Command of Evidence (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

The 'Paradox of Thrift' suggests that while saving money is good for individuals, if everyone saves simultaneously, aggregate demand falls, leading to lower total income and potentially *less* total savings in the economy.

Which scenario best illustrates the negative outcome of the Paradox of Thrift?

A. A family saves for a vacation and stimulates the tourism industry.
B. Consumers stop spending during a recession, causing businesses to fire workers, which further reduces income.✓ Correct
C. High interest rates encourage foreign investment.
D. Banks have more money to lend to small businesses.

Detailed Explanation

The paradox is that collective saving hurts the economy. Option B shows this cycle: Saving (stop spending) -> Lower Demand -> Lower Income (firing) -> Worse outcome.

Key Evidence:

• "aggregate demand falls"

• "leading to lower total income"

Why others are wrong: A (This is positive spending.), C (Unrelated.), D (This assumes the savings are lent out effectively, ignoring the 'demand fall' aspect.).