4

Set 1: Command of Evidence (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: D

PASSAGE

The 'Dunning-Kruger Effect' describes a cognitive bias where individuals with low ability at a task overestimate their ability. Paradoxically, experts often underestimate their competence, assuming that tasks easy for them are also easy for others.

Which scenario best illustrates the 'expert' side of this effect?

A. A novice chess player challenging a grandmaster.
B. A professor failing to explain a basic concept because they assume the students already understand it.
C. A student studying all night to ensure they pass a test.
D. An artist refusing to show their work due to fear of criticism.✓ Correct

Detailed Explanation

The text says experts 'underestimate their competence' by assuming tasks are 'easy for others'. A professor assuming students just 'get it' (because it's easy for the professor) is exactly this bias.

Key Evidence:

• "assuming that tasks easy for them are also easy for others"

Why others are wrong: A (This is the novice side (overestimation).), C (This is diligence.), D (This is Imposter Syndrome or anxiety, not specifically Dunning-Kruger expert bias.).

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