Set 1: Command of Evidence (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

Linguistic relativity, or the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, suggests that the structure of a language affects its speakers' world view or cognition. For example, Russian has distinct words for light blue (*goluboy*) and dark blue (*siniy*), and studies show Russian speakers are faster at distinguishing these shades than English speakers.

Which finding supports the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

A. Russian speakers have better eyesight than English speakers.✓ Correct

B. Language differences can correlate with differences in cognitive performance (distinguishing colors).

C. All humans perceive color in exactly the same way regardless of language.

D. English speakers can easily learn Russian color words.

Detailed Explanation

This question requires you to identify evidence that supports a claim. The hypothesis is that language *affects* cognition. The finding that Russian speakers (with different language words) are *faster* (cognitive performance) at distinguishing shades supports this link. The best evidence directly and explicitly supports the stated claim without requiring assumptions. Match specific textual details or data points to the claim being made. The correct answer provides clear, direct support. Strong evidence directly addresses the claim without requiring additional interpretation. When evaluating options, look for quotes or data that explicitly support the statement. Weak evidence may be tangentially related but doesn't provide direct proof.

Key Evidence:

• "structure of a language affects... cognition"

• "Russian speakers are faster at distinguishing"

Why others are wrong: B (This option is incorrect.), C (This would consistently disprove the hypothesis.), D (Irrelevant to the cognitive effect.).

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