6

Set 5: Central Ideas

Explanation

Answer: C

PASSAGE

The following text describes the process of fermentation. Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In food production, it is used to convert carbohydrates to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms like yeasts or bacteria. This process not only preserves food but also creates distinctive flavors in products like yogurt, cheese, and sourdough bread.

What are two main benefits of fermentation in food production mentioned in the text?

A. It makes food sweeter and more colorful
B. It speeds up cooking time and reduces cost
C. It preserves food and creates distinctive flavors✓ Correct
D. It removes all bacteria from the food

Detailed Explanation

Choice C is correct. The text states: 'This process not only preserves food but also creates distinctive flavors.'

Key Evidence:

• "preserves food"

• "creates distinctive flavors"

Why others are wrong: A (Not mentioned), B (Not mentioned), D (Inaccurate (uses bacteria)).

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