2

Set 4: Central Ideas (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

The following text discusses Critical Theory (Frankfurt School). The Frankfurt School theorists, such as Adorno and Horkheimer, developed Critical Theory to analyze how societal structures, particularly under capitalism, shape consciousness and culture. They argued that the 'Culture Industry'—mass media, film, and radio—produces standardized cultural goods that foster passivity and conformity in the populace. By turning culture into a commodity, the industry eliminates critical thought, rendering individuals unable to envision alternatives to the status quo.

According to the Frankfurt School, what is the primary impact of the 'Culture Industry'?

A. It democratizes art and makes it accessible to all
B. It fosters passivity and conformity, suppressing critical thought✓ Correct
C. It encourages revolution and social upheaval
D. It preserves traditional folk cultures

Detailed Explanation

Choice B is correct. The text states it 'produces standardized cultural goods that foster passivity and conformity' and 'eliminates critical thought.'

Key Evidence:

• "foster passivity and conformity"

• "eliminates critical thought"

Why others are wrong: A (Opposite (Critics see it as commodification, not true democratization)), C (Opposite (Prevents alternatives to status quo)), D (Not mentioned).

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