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Set 4: Central Ideas (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: D

PASSAGE

The following text describes 'The Uncertainty Principle' vs 'The Observer Effect'. It is a common misconception to conflate Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle with the Observer Effect. The Observer Effect notes that measuring a system requires interacting with it (e.g., using photons to see an electron), which inevitably alters its state. The Uncertainty Principle, however, describes a fundamental limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties, like position and momentum, can be known. This limit exists inherent to nature, regardless of the intrusiveness of the measurement.

What is the key difference between the Uncertainty Principle and the Observer Effect?

A. They are the same thing
B. The Observer Effect is about physical disturbance, while Uncertainty is a fundamental limit of nature
C. The Uncertainty Principle applies only to light
D. The Observer Effect proves that consciousness creates reality✓ Correct

Detailed Explanation

Choice B is correct. Text distinguishes them: Observer Effect is 'interacting... inevitably alters its state,' while Uncertainty is a 'fundamental limit... regardless of the intrusiveness.'

Key Evidence:

• "Observer Effect... interacting... alters its state"

• "Uncertainty... fundamental limit... inherent to nature"

Why others are wrong: A (Text says it's a 'misconception to conflate' them), C (Inaccurate), D (Not mentioned (and a misunderstanding)).

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