8

Set 4: Inferences (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

The Great Man theory of history—that exceptional individuals drive major changes—has been challenged by social historians emphasizing structural forces and collective movements. Neither approach fully explains events: individuals matter, but only within contexts that enable or constrain their actions. Current scholarship increasingly seeks synthesis.

What intellectual development does the passage describe?

A. The Great Man theory remains unchallenged.
B. Historians are moving toward integrating agency and structure rather than treating them as opposed.✓ Correct
C. Structural forces are irrelevant to historical change.
D. Individuals have no impact on history.

Detailed Explanation

'Individuals matter, but only within contexts'; 'seeks synthesis' = integrating agency and structure.

Key Evidence:

• "Neither approach fully explains events"

• "Current scholarship increasingly seeks synthesis"

Why others are wrong: A (It 'has been challenged.'), C ('Structural forces' are emphasized.), D ('Individuals matter.').

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