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Set 4: Inferences (Advanced)

Explanation

Answer: B

PASSAGE

Cross-cultural psychology has documented significant variations in cognitive styles—some cultures favor analytic thinking that focuses on individual objects, while others prefer holistic thinking that emphasizes relationships. Such findings challenge claims to universal cognitive processes while raising questions about whether research conducted primarily in Western samples can generalize globally.

What methodological concern does the passage raise?

A. All humans think identically regardless of culture.
B. Psychology research may have limited generalizability if based on unrepresentative populations.✓ Correct
C. Cross-cultural research has found no cognitive differences.
D. Western cognitive styles are superior to others.

Detailed Explanation

'Research in Western samples can generalize globally' is questioned = limited generalizability concern.

Key Evidence:

• "raising questions about whether research... in Western samples can generalize globally"

Why others are wrong: A ('Significant variations' are documented.), C (Differences are documented.), D (No superiority claim is made—just difference.).

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