Set 4: Inferences (Advanced)
Explanation
PASSAGE
Cross-cultural psychology has documented significant variations in cognitive styles—some cultures favor analytic thinking that focuses on individual objects, while others prefer holistic thinking that emphasizes relationships. Such findings challenge claims to universal cognitive processes while raising questions about whether research conducted primarily in Western samples can generalize globally.
What methodological concern does the passage raise?
Detailed Explanation
This question asks you to draw a logical conclusion from the text. 'Research in Western samples can generalize globally' is questioned = limited generalizability concern. A valid inference must be supported by evidence in the passage, even if not stated directly. Look for clues in the text that strongly suggest the answer. Avoid conclusions that require assumptions beyond what's written. Valid inferences are strongly supported by multiple pieces of evidence in the text. Be cautious of choices that go too far beyond what the passage actually states. The best inference is the one most directly supported by textual evidence.
Key Evidence:
• "raising questions about whether research... in Western samples can generalize globally"
Why others are wrong: A (Differences are documented.), B ('Significant variations' are documented.), C (No superiority claim is made—just difference.).
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