How should I approach this reading question type?

First, identify the core claim of the text. Look for transition words like 'however' or 'furthermore' which signal changes in the author's logic. Then, match the evidence directly to the options provided.

What is the common trap in wrong answers for this category?

The most common trap is 'extreme language' (e.g., 'always', 'never') or 'unsupported inferences' that go beyond what is explicitly stated in the provided text snippet.

Why is the correct answer better than the close alternatives?

The correct answer usually captures the most direct and necessary evidence from the text, whereas alternatives often focus on minor details or distort the author's primary subject.

Set 2: Form, Structure & Sense

Explanation

Answer: C

PASSAGE

Recent studies show that coral reefs support approximately 25% of all marine species, _______ they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A. because

B. while

C. even though✓ Correct

D. therefore

Detailed Answer Explanation

[Variation 1] This question tests your understanding of sentence function and text organization. 'Even though' introduces a concessive clause showing contrast: the small coverage (1%) contrasts with the high biodiversity support (25%). Each sentence in a well-constructed text serves a specific purpose. Consider what role this sentence plays in the argument: does it introduce, support, contrast, or conclude an idea? Understanding why an author includes specific sentences helps you grasp the overall argument. Each sentence should serve a clear purpose: introducing ideas, providing evidence, acknowledging counterarguments, or drawing conclusions. Identify the role to understand the structure.

Key Evidence:

• "support approximately 25%"

• "cover less than 1%"

Why others are wrong: A ('Because' indicates cause; small coverage doesn't cause high biodiversity support.), B ('While' can show contrast but 'even though' better emphasizes the surprising contrast.), D ('Therefore' indicates cause-effect; the relationship here is contrast, not cause.).

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