8

Set 16: Form, Structure & Sense (Beginner)

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

_______ by peer review, the results were accepted for publication in a leading journal.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A. Validated✓ Correct
B. Having validated
C. To validate
D. Validating

Detailed Answer Explanation

The results were validated (passive), not validating something (active). 'Validated' correctly modifies the subject as a past participle.

Why others are wrong: B ('Having validated' does not conform to the conventions of Standard English in this context.), C ('To validate' does not conform to the conventions of Standard English in this context.), D ('Validating' does not conform to the conventions of Standard English in this context.).