Set 2: Command of Evidence (Intermediate)

Explanation

Answer: A

PASSAGE

Researchers studying coral bleaching found that corals in warmer waters expel their symbiotic algae faster than those in cooler waters. However, some coral species have shown resilience, retaining their algae even at elevated temperatures. Scientists hypothesize that these resilient corals may have developed through natural selection in historically variable environments.

Which finding would best support the scientists' hypothesis about resilient corals?

A. Resilient corals are found predominantly in regions with historically stable temperatures.✓ Correct

B. Resilient corals are more common in areas that have experienced frequent temperature fluctuations.

C. All coral species respond identically to temperature changes.

D. Coral bleaching is caused solely by pollution, not temperature.

Detailed Explanation

This question requires you to identify evidence that supports a claim. The hypothesis links resilience to 'natural selection in historically variable environments.' Finding resilient corals in areas with 'frequent temperature fluctuations' (variable environments) supports this. The best evidence directly and explicitly supports the stated claim without requiring assumptions. Match specific textual details or data points to the claim being made. The correct answer provides clear, direct support. Strong evidence directly addresses the claim without requiring additional interpretation. When evaluating options, look for quotes or data that explicitly support the statement. Weak evidence may be tangentially related but doesn't provide direct proof.

Key Evidence:

• "natural selection in historically variable environments"

Why others are wrong: B (This option is incorrect.), C (This contradicts the observation that some species are resilient.), D (This contradicts the premise about temperature.).