Set 4: Command of Evidence

Explanation

Answer: C

PASSAGE

Venus is often called Earth's 'twin' because of its similar size and mass. However, conditions on Venus are extremely hostile: surface temperatures average 465°C (hot enough to melt lead), and the atmosphere is 96% carbon dioxide with clouds of sulfuric acid.

Why is calling Venus Earth's 'twin' potentially misleading?

A. Venus is actually much larger than Earth.

B. Despite similar size, the environmental conditions are vastly different.

C. Venus has the same atmosphere as Earth.✓ Correct

D. Venus is located closer to the sun than Mercury.

Detailed Explanation

This question requires you to identify evidence that supports a claim. The 'twin' label is based on 'similar size and mass,' but the text contrasts this with 'extremely hostile' conditions. The environments are different despite similar physical dimensions. The best evidence directly and explicitly supports the stated claim without requiring assumptions. Match specific textual details or data points to the claim being made. The correct answer provides clear, direct support. Strong evidence directly addresses the claim without requiring additional interpretation. When evaluating options, look for quotes or data that explicitly support the statement. Weak evidence may be tangentially related but doesn't provide direct proof.

Key Evidence:

• "similar size and mass"

• "extremely hostile"

Why others are wrong: A (They are similar in size.), B (This option is incorrect.), D (Not stated; Venus is second from the sun.).