Set 7: Central Ideas (Intermediate)
Explanation
PASSAGE
The following text describes a field of computer science. Machine learning (ML) is a field of inquiry devoted to understanding and building methods that 'learn', that is, methods that leverage data to improve performance on some set of tasks. It is seen as a part of artificial intelligence. Machine learning algorithms build a model based on sample data, known as training data, in order to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so.
How do machine learning algorithms operate according to the text?
Detailed Explanation
This question asks you to identify the main point of the passage. Choice D is the best answer. The text states that algorithms 'build a model based on sample data... in order to make predictions or decisions.' This matches Choice D.
Choice C is incorrect because the text says they operate 'without being explicitly programmed to do so.'
Choice A is incorrect because they build models, not memorize outcomes.
Choice B is incorrect because they leverage data, implying a pattern rather than randomness. Remember that supporting details help prove the central idea but are not the main point themselves. The author's central idea should be broad enough to encompass the entire passage while still being specific enough to be meaningful. Ask yourself what the author most wants you to understand.
Key Evidence:
• "build a model based on sample data"
• "make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed"
Why others are wrong: C (Contradicts text - not explicitly programmed), A (Unsupported - text discusses model building), B (Unsupported - process is data-driven).
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