Maya Angelou (1928–2014) was a celebrated American poet and civil rights activist. Her memoir I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings ______ international acclaim for its candid exploration of trauma and racism.

"Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country." This famous line from John F. Kennedy is an example of chiasmus, a rhetorical device that ______ a sentence’s grammatical structure in the second half to create a contrast.

In 1968, chemist Spencer Silver attempted to create a super-strong adhesive but accidentally developed a low-tack, reusable pressure-sensitive adhesive instead. Years later, his colleague Art Fry ______ using the adhesive to anchor his bookmark in his hymnbook, giving birth to the Post-it Note.

John James Audubon is renowned for his detailed illustrations of American birds, but he was also a keen observer of mammal behavior. He documented the lives of viviparous quadrupeds in North ______ detailed plates of species ranging from squirrels to bison.

Known as the "First Lady of the Air," ______.

The Terracotta Army consists of thousands of clay soldiers buried with China’s first emperor. Each statue features unique facial expressions and armor details. Originally, ______ painted in bright colors, though the pigments have largely faded over time.

The European Union was established in 1993 to facilitate political and economic integration across Europe. By the time the Euro currency was physically introduced in 2002, the union ______ significantly in both membership and scope.

Defined by its focus on light and movement, Impressionism is a nineteenth-century art movement ______ by small, thin brushstrokes and an emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities.

Bioluminescence, the biochemical emission of light by living organisms, is found in many marine species. Evolutionary biologists—many of whom ______ this trait to understand predation and mating signals—have traced its independent evolution nearly one hundred times.

The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the city. In September 1666, the fire ______ in a bakery on Pudding Lane and raged for three days, destroying over 13,000 houses.