Vertical farming, a method of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often utilizes controlled-environment agriculture technology. By optimizing plant growth with ______ vertical farms can produce high yields without the need for pesticides or natural sunlight.

Both Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak are legendary figures in the history of computing, but they had different strengths. In 1976, the duo co-founded Apple, a technology ______ revolutionized personal computing with the release of the Apple II and later the Macintosh.

Like many reptiles, the painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) relies on external sources to regulate its body temperature. During colder months, it ______ by burrowing into the mud at the bottom of ponds, where the water temperature remains relatively stable and above freezing.

The Harlem Renaissance poet Langston Hughes’s ______ heavily influenced by the rhythms of jazz and blues, captured the everyday struggles and joys of African American life in the early twentieth century.

For centuries, indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest ______ the bark of the western red cedar tree to craft waterproof clothing, baskets, and mats.

In the early twentieth century, Art Deco architecture emerged as a symbol of modernism and luxury. Characterized by geometric shapes and bold colors, the style is exemplified by New York's Chrysler Building, its stainless steel spire ______ primarily for its aesthetic appeal rather than structural function.

Historically, the Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded to an author for their entire body of work. However, in 1954, the committee decided ______ Ernest Hemingway specifically for his novella The Old Man and the Sea.

Alexander Fleming’s accidental discovery of penicillin in 1928 marked the beginning of modern antibiotics. He observed that a mold had contaminated a petri dish and killed the surrounding bacteria, leading scientists ______ the mold’s active substance into a life-saving medicine.

Linguists studying the Rosetta Stone, the stele that provided the key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs, were fascinated to find that the meaning of the symbols, much like the meaning of modern emojis, ______ often dependent on context.

The Suffragette movement in the United Kingdom campaigned tirelessly for women's right to vote. Among the movement's most prominent figures ______ Emmeline Pankhurst, who founded the Women's Social and Political Union in 1903.