Themes of migration and identity are central to the works of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. In Americanah, for instance, the protagonist Ifemelu navigates the complexities of race in America, while in Purple Hibiscus, the character Kambili ______ a coming-of-age journey amidst the political turmoil of post-colonial Nigeria.

A pioneer in computer science, Grace Hopper is celebrated for her development of the first compiler for a computer programming language, which ______ the translation of human-readable code into machine language.

In the process of photosynthesis, plants absorb sunlight and carbon dioxide. The energy from the light converts these inputs until they ______ glucose, a sugar that serves as the plant’s primary energy source.

To withstand extreme environmental conditions, microscopic creatures called tardigrades ______ a reversible state of suspended animation known as cryptobiosis. In this state, their metabolism drops to nearly zero, allowing them to survive without water for decades.

When umbrellas were first popularized in eighteenth-century England, they were viewed with disdain by carriage drivers. The drivers feared the handheld devices because they considered ______ threats to their business, as people might walk in the rain rather than hire a coach.

The strategic board game Go is one of the oldest games still played in its original form. In the game, two players place black and white stones on a grid; capturing the opponent’s stones ______ a player to claim territory and secure a higher score.

In 1815, Napoleon Bonaparte escaped exile and returned to power in France. Consequently, a coalition of European powers mobilized armies to defeat him. Upon his final defeat at Waterloo months later, ______ to the remote island of Saint Helena, ending the Napoleonic Wars.

How did birds evolve from theropod dinosaurs? Paleontologist Xing Xu believes the transition is evident in the fossil record. In a 2014 paper, Xu and his team ______ the discovery of a dinosaur species with asymmetric feathers, a key feature previously thought to be unique to birds.

Conservation efforts to reduce electricity consumption are most effective, says economist Richard Thaler, when they utilize "nudges." For instance, utility companies saw a significant drop in usage after homeowners were shown data comparing how much electricity ______ used relative to their efficient neighbors.

While many lizards rely on camouflage to hide, the horned lizard (genus Phrynosoma) has a unique defense mechanism. If threatened, it can increase the blood pressure in its head until small vessels rupture, allowing the lizard to squirt a stream of blood from its eyes to defend ______ against predators.