The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 was a _______ moment in the history of medicine, as it introduced the first true antibiotic and revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections.

Although the two cities were located in the same region, their climates were quite _______: one was humid and rainy due to coastal winds, while the other was dry and arid due to the shielding effect of a mountain range.

The following text is adapted from a story about a chef.

"I have received the order for the wedding banquet," said Chef Marco. "To ensure the menu is perfect, I have been obliged to source truffles from Italy and saffron from Spain."

As used in the text, what does the word "obliged" most nearly mean?

Solar panels allow homeowners to generate their own electricity. However, the _______ of suitable roof space in older, shaded neighborhoods often limits the amount of power that can be generated.

The lawyer’s explanation of the contract was praised for its _______; she broke down complicated legal jargon into simple terms that the client could easily understand.

The following text is adapted from a biography of a musician.

Mozart was a child of such quick parts and musical intuition that by the age of five, he was already composing little pieces which he played to his father.

As used in the text, what does the word "parts" most nearly mean?

Automation and AI are rapidly changing the workforce. Proponents argue this increases efficiency, while critics worry it may _______ human creativity and critical thinking by making workers too reliant on machines.

The general argued that the army's movement to the border was not an act of war, but rather a _______ measure intended to discourage the enemy from launching a surprise attack.

While the band’s debut album was known for its loud, aggressive rock anthems, their second album was more _______, utilizing acoustic guitars and soft vocals to create a gentle, folk-inspired sound.

The following text is adapted from a speech by a boxer.

I stepped into the ring because I wished to test myself, to front the strongest opponent I could find, and see if I had the courage to stand my ground.

As used in the text, what does the word "front" most nearly mean?