In the 15th century, King Sejong the Great of Korea oversaw the creation of Hangul, a phonetic alphabet designed to replace the complex Chinese characters previously used by the elite. Because Hangul was logically designed to mimic the shapes of the mouth when speaking, it was remarkably intuitive to learn and consequently achieved _______ adoption: within a few decades, literacy rates among commoners began to rise significantly.

When astrophysicist Dr. Elena Rostova published her findings on the orbital patterns of a newly discovered exoplanet, the scientific community readily _______ her conclusions as transformative; this validation occurred because her data provided the first concrete evidence of water vapor in that distant solar system.

The deep-sea submersible Nereus descended into the Mariana Trench in 2009. Lead engineer Casey Moore notes that despite encountering extreme hydrostatic pressure that threatened to crush the hull, the vessel successfully _______ sediment samples from the ocean floor to transport back to the surface for analysis.

Geological studies by researcher Liam O’Connor suggest that the Earth’s current topography may not accurately _______ ancient erosion patterns. Over millions of years, tectonic plate movements and volcanic activity have reshaped the crust, meaning that the physical signs of wind erosion from the Paleozoic era may no longer be visible.

Although they belong to entirely different classes of animals, sharks (fish) and dolphins (mammals) share fundamental _______ their body shapes, such as streamlined torsos and dorsal fins—traits that these distinct species developed independently to navigate the hydrodynamic challenges of the ocean.

In her critique of modern environmental literature, scholar Sarah Jenkins notes an increasing sense of _______ political activism in 21st-century nature writing, distinguishing it from the pastoral poetry of the 19th century, which often celebrated nature’s beauty without explicitly addressing the politics of conservation.

According to horticulturalists, a rose bush suffering from fungal infection may display "black spot"—dark, circular lesions on its leaves. A _______ rose bush, conversely, will feature vibrant foliage with a consistent, glossy green texture and no visible blemishes.

Chef and historian Michael Twitty’s _______ his two interests—culinary arts and genealogy—is evident in his work, which masterfully blends traditional recipes with deep historical narratives about the ancestors who created them.

Filmmaker Wes Anderson refuses to _______ the standard visual styles of Hollywood blockbusters; instead, critics argue that audiences love his movies specifically because he rejects realistic spacing in favor of symmetrical, diorama-like compositions that defy conventional expectations.

In his memoir regarding his hometown, the author depicts his _______ the city by celebrating the rich cultural history of the streets where he grew up, while simultaneously expressing his frustration with the noise and overcrowding he experiences there today.