To maintain a healthy cardiovascular system, doctors recommend that patients refrain _________ consuming excessive amounts of sodium.

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writing

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A

of

B

to

C

from

D

against

Correct Answer: C

Choice C is the best answer. The verb "refrain" is conventionally followed by the preposition "from."

Choice A is incorrect because "refrain of" is grammatically incorrect. Choice B is incorrect because "refrain to" is grammatically incorrect. Choice D is incorrect because "refrain against" is not standard usage.