The following text discusses philosophy of art.
Expressionism about art holds that artworks communicate emotions from artist to audience. Tolstoy famously championed this view, seeing art as emotional contagion. Critics note that successful artworks often express emotions their creators didn't feel, and audiences may appreciate works without experiencing the "expressed" emotions. Contemporary theories emphasize the complex relations between artistic expression and emotional response rather than simple transmission models.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It explains an art theory, identifies problems with it, and notes refined approaches.
It provides a biography of Leo Tolstoy.
It argues definitively that expressionism is correct.
It compares art theories across different cultures.
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the best answer. The text explains expressionism, notes problems (unfelt emotions, unexperienced responses), and mentions refined contemporary approaches.
- Evidence: The text explains the theory: "Expressionism... holds that artworks communicate emotions." It notes problems: "successful artworks often express emotions their creators didn't feel... audiences may appreciate works without experiencing the 'expressed' emotions." It mentions refinement: "Contemporary theories emphasize... complex relations."
- Reasoning: The passage introduces a classic art theory, shows its flaws, and hints at current improvements.
- Conclusion: The purpose is to explain theory, problems, and refinement.
💡 Strategy: Track the flow: Art = Emotion transfer (Theory). But it doesn't work that way (Problems). Now it's complex (Refinement).
Choice B is incorrect because biography isn't provided. Choice C is incorrect because problems are identified. Choice D is incorrect because cultures aren't compared.