The following text discusses modal realism.
David Lewis defended modal realism: possible worlds are concrete entities as real as our actual world. When we say something is possible, we claim it exists in some possible world. This position elegantly explains modal truths but at considerable ontological cost. Critics find the inflation of reality to include infinitely many universes excessive; Lewis countered that parsimony about types of entities matters more than quantity of entities.
What is the main purpose of the text?
To explain Lewis's modal realism and a debate about its costs
To prove that possible worlds actually exist
To provide a complete biography of David Lewis
To compare modal logic across different traditions
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the best answer. The text explains modal realism and the debate about ontological costs vs. type parsimony.
- Evidence: The text explains the position: "David Lewis defended modal realism: possible worlds are concrete entities." It presents the debate: "Critics find the inflation of reality... excessive; Lewis countered that parsimony about types... matters more."
- Reasoning: The passage introduces a bold metaphysical claim and the argument about whether it's too expensive.
- Conclusion: The purpose is to explain modal realism and debate.
💡 Strategy: Summarize: Possible worlds are real (Lewis). Too many? (Critics). Quality over quantity (Lewis).
Choice B is incorrect because proof isn't provided. Choice C is incorrect because biography isn't given. Choice D is incorrect because traditions aren't compared.