The following text discusses philosophy of mind.
Functionalism identifies mental states with their functional roles—the causal relations they bear to inputs, outputs, and other mental states. Pain, for example, is whatever state is caused by tissue damage and causes avoidance behavior. This view accommodates multiple realizability: different physical substrates can implement the same functional organization. Critics raise the "absent qualia" objection: couldn't a system be functionally identical to a conscious being while lacking phenomenal experience?
Which choice best describes the function of the last sentence?
It summarizes the main claims of functionalism.
It introduces a philosophical objection to the view presented.
It provides neuroscientific evidence supporting functionalism.
It explains how functionism was developed historically.
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the best answer. The last sentence introduces the "absent qualia" objection—a philosophical challenge to functionalism.
- Evidence: The sentence states: "Critics raise the 'absent qualia' objection: couldn't a system be functionally identical to a conscious being while lacking phenomenal experience?"
- Reasoning: It presents the key challenge to the theory: function without feeling.
- Conclusion: The function is to introduce an objection.
💡 Strategy: Look for "Critics raise... objection."
Choice A is incorrect because it presents criticism, not summary. Choice C is incorrect because neuroscience isn't discussed. Choice D is incorrect because history isn't traced.