The following text discusses philosophy of mind.
Phenomenal consciousness—the subjective, experiential quality of mental states—posed challenges for physicalist accounts of mind. Some philosophers embraced property dualism: phenomenal properties are non-physical even if instantiated by physical systems. Others developed refined physicalist positions: representationalism, higher-order theories, or illusionism. The "consciousness studies" field has proliferated approaches without convergence, suggesting conceptual confusions may underlie apparent disagreements.
Which choice best describes the function of the last sentence?
It provides neuroscientific evidence about brain function.
It suggests fundamental conceptual issues underlie the field's lack of progress.
It endorses property dualism as the correct position.
It introduces meditation practices for exploring consciousness.
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the best answer. The last sentence suggests conceptual confusions may underlie apparent disagreements—pointing to fundamental conceptual issues.
- Evidence: The sentence states: "The 'consciousness studies' field has proliferated approaches without convergence, suggesting conceptual confusions may underlie apparent disagreements."
- Reasoning: It offers a diagnosis for why the field is so messy (maybe we are confused about the concepts).
- Conclusion: The function is to suggest conceptual issues.
💡 Strategy: Look for "suggesting conceptual confusions may underlie."
Choice A is incorrect because neuroscience isn't discussed. Choice C is incorrect because no position is endorsed. Choice D is incorrect because meditation isn't mentioned.