The following text discusses epistemology.
Internalism about justification holds that a belief's epistemic status depends solely on factors accessible to the believer's reflection. Externalists counter that reliable belief-forming processes can confer justification regardless of reflective access. The debate ramifies through questions about knowledge, skepticism, and epistemic responsibility. Hybrid positions attempt to accommodate both internal and external conditions as jointly necessary for knowledge.
What is the primary purpose of the text?
To prove that internalism is the correct epistemological theory
To provide practical tips for evaluating one's own beliefs
To outline an epistemological debate and note attempts at synthesis
To compare epistemological traditions across different cultures
Correct Answer: C
Choice C is the best answer. The text outlines the internalism-externalism debate and notes hybrid positions as attempted syntheses.
- Evidence: The text outlines internalism: "Internalism... depends solely on factors accessible." It outlines externalism: "Externalists counter that reliable belief-forming processes..." It notes synthesis: "Hybrid positions attempt to accommodate both."
- Reasoning: The passage contrasts two major opposing views and mentions a third approach that tries to combine them.
- Conclusion: The purpose is to outline debate and synthesis.
💡 Strategy: Summarize: Inside vs. Outside. Can we have both? (Hybrid).
Choice A is incorrect because no position is proven correct. Choice B is incorrect because tips aren't provided. Choice D is incorrect because cultures aren't compared.