The following text discusses information theory.
Shannon's mathematical treatment of information revolutionized communication engineering. Information is quantified as reduction of uncertainty, measured in bits. This framework enabled precise calculation of channel capacity—the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted reliably. Beyond engineering, information-theoretic concepts have influenced fields from physics to cognitive science, though applications outside original contexts require careful reinterpretation.
Which choice best describes the function of the last sentence?
It provides detailed mathematical formulas for information.
It notes broader applications while cautioning about direct transfer.
It contradicts earlier claims about Shannon's contributions.
It introduces a new topic about internet security.
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the best answer. The last sentence notes broader applications (physics, cognitive science) while cautioning about reinterpretation needs.
- Evidence: The sentence states: "Beyond engineering, information-theoretic concepts have influenced fields from physics to cognitive science, though applications outside original contexts require careful reinterpretation."
- Reasoning: It notes the wide reach (physics, etc.) but adds a warning (be careful).
- Conclusion: The function is to note broader applications and caution.
💡 Strategy: Look for "influenced fields... though... require careful reinterpretation."
Choice A is incorrect because formulas aren't provided. Choice C is incorrect because contributions are extended, not contradicted. Choice D is incorrect because security isn't introduced.