The following text discusses the anthropology of time.
Western cultures typically conceptualize time as linear, flowing from past through present toward future. Many non-Western cultures employ cyclical or relational temporal frameworks, where events recur and time is measured by relationships rather than clocks. Neither perspective is more "natural" or accurate—each reflects cultural values and social organization. Recognizing this variability challenges ethnocentric assumptions embedded in supposedly universal temporal categories.
What is the primary purpose of the text?
To argue that linear time is scientifically superior
To illustrate cultural variation in time concepts and its implications
To provide instructions for converting between time systems
To trace the historical development of clocks and calendars
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the best answer. The text illustrates different time concepts (linear vs. cyclical) and implies challenging ethnocentric assumptions.
- Evidence: The text contrasts concepts: "Western cultures... linear" vs. "non-Western cultures... cyclical." It states the implication: "Recognizing this variability challenges ethnocentric assumptions."
- Reasoning: The passage uses cultural comparison to make a broader point about how we view reality.
- Conclusion: The purpose is to illustrate variation and implications.
💡 Strategy: Summarize: Linear vs. Cyclical -> Challenges assumptions.
Choice A is incorrect because linear time isn't claimed superior. Choice C is incorrect because no conversion instructions are given. Choice D is incorrect because clock history isn't traced.