The following text discusses epigenetics.
Traditional genetics focused on DNA sequences as the primary carriers of hereditary information. Epigenetics reveals an additional layer of complexity: chemical modifications to DNA and associated proteins can alter gene expression without changing the underlying sequence. More startlingly, some epigenetic changes appear transmissible across generations, challenging the distinction between inherited and acquired characteristics that has framed evolutionary theory since Darwin.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It contrasts a traditional view with newer findings and their implications.
It provides detailed instructions for conducting epigenetic research.
It argues that Darwin's theory of evolution is entirely incorrect.
It compares epigenetic research across different universities.
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the best answer. The text contrasts traditional genetics (DNA sequences) with epigenetics (chemical modifications) and implications (challenging evolutionary distinctions).
- Evidence: The text describes the old view: "Traditional genetics focused on DNA." It introduces the new view: "Epigenetics reveals an additional layer." It notes implications: "challenging the distinction between inherited and acquired."
- Reasoning: The structure is Old Paradigm -> New Discovery -> Paradigm Shift.
- Conclusion: This matches "contrasts a traditional view with newer findings and their implications."
💡 Strategy: Identify the contrast: Traditional vs. Epigenetics.
Choice B is incorrect because no research instructions are given. Choice C is incorrect because Darwin isn't rejected, only qualified. Choice D is incorrect because universities aren't compared.