The following text is from an anthropology article.
Kinship systems vary dramatically across cultures, challenging universal assumptions about family structure. Some societies trace descent exclusively through mothers, others through fathers, and still others through both. Marriage practices range from strict monogamy to forms of polygamy. These variations demonstrate how cultural norms shape institutions we often assume to be "natural."
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It provides detailed family trees from specific cultures.
It presents cultural variations that challenge universal assumptions.
It argues that Western family structures are superior.
It traces the historical evolution of marriage laws.
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the best answer. The text presents variations (descent, marriage) that challenge the assumption that family structures are universal or "natural."
- Evidence: The text lists variations: "trace descent exclusively through mothers," "polygamy." It concludes: "variations demonstrate how cultural norms shape institutions we often assume to be 'natural'."
- Reasoning: The specific examples are used to deconstruct a common belief (universality).
- Conclusion: This matches "presents cultural variations that challenge universal assumptions."
💡 Strategy: Connect the examples of difference to the final point about challenging assumptions.
Choice A is incorrect because no family trees are provided. Choice C is incorrect because superiority isn't claimed. Choice D is incorrect because historical evolution isn't traced.