The following text is from a linguistics article.

Code-switching—alternating between languages within conversations—was once considered a deficiency. Researchers now understand it as a sophisticated skill requiring mastery of multiple linguistic systems. Bilinguals code-switch strategically, using different languages for emphasis, humor, or identity expression. This revised perspective has influenced educational approaches to multilingual students.

5
reading

What is the main purpose of the text?

A

To provide instructions for learning multiple languages

B

To describe how understanding of code-switching has evolved

C

To compare bilingualism rates across different countries

D

To argue that monolingualism is disadvantageous

Correct Answer: B

Choice B is the best answer. The text describes the evolution from viewing code-switching as deficiency to recognizing it as sophisticated skill.

  1. Evidence: The text contrasts the past view ("once considered a deficiency") with the present view ("sophisticated skill"). It notes the impact: "influenced educational approaches."
  2. Reasoning: The passage focuses on how the understanding of this phenomenon has changed over time.
  3. Conclusion: The purpose is to describe this evolution.

💡 Strategy: Look for time markers: "once considered" vs. "Researchers now understand."

Choice A is incorrect because learning instructions aren't provided. Choice C is incorrect because countries aren't compared. Choice D is incorrect because monolingualism isn't criticized.