The following text discusses scientific methodology.
Replication is considered the gold standard of scientific evidence. When independent researchers reproduce experimental results, confidence in those findings increases substantially. However, recent studies reveal troubling patterns: many published results cannot be replicated. This "replication crisis" has prompted journals to require more rigorous documentation of methods and raw data.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It defines a standard, identifies a problem with meeting it, and notes responses.
It argues that replication is unnecessary for scientific progress.
It compares replication rates across different scientific fields.
It provides step-by-step instructions for conducting experiments.
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the best answer. The text defines replication as the gold standard, identifies the problem (results can't be replicated), and notes responses (journal requirements).
- Evidence: The text defines replication as "gold standard." It identifies a problem: "many published results cannot be replicated." It notes a response: "journals to require more rigorous documentation."
- Reasoning: The structure follows a logical path: Standard -> Failure to meet standard -> Consequence/Action.
- Conclusion: This matches "defines a standard, identifies a problem... and notes responses."
💡 Strategy: Track the shift from "gold standard" (ideal) to "troubling patterns" (problem) to "prompted journals" (response).
Choice B is incorrect because replication's importance is affirmed. Choice C is incorrect because fields aren't compared. Choice D is incorrect because no experimental instructions are given.