The following text is from an article about volcanic activity.
Volcanic eruptions can have both destructive and beneficial effects. The immediate impact includes lava flows, ash clouds, and potential loss of life. However, volcanic soil is exceptionally fertile, making volcanic regions ideal for agriculture. Many farmers choose to live near volcanoes despite the risks because of these agricultural benefits.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It presents contrasting effects of a natural phenomenon.
It traces the formation of volcanoes over geological time.
It compares different types of volcanic eruptions.
It argues that volcanic regions should be evacuated.
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the best answer. The text presents both negative effects (destruction, ash, death) and positive effects (fertile soil, agriculture), offering contrasting perspectives.
- Evidence: The text mentions "destructive and beneficial effects." It lists "immediate impact" (negative) and "volcanic soil is exceptionally fertile" (positive).
- Reasoning: The passage balances the dangers with the agricultural benefits.
- Conclusion: The structure presents contrasting effects.
💡 Strategy: Look for transition words like "However" that signal a shift or contrast in the text.
Choice B is incorrect because volcanic formation isn't discussed. Choice C is incorrect because eruption types aren't compared. Choice D is incorrect because no evacuation argument is made.