A student researching addiction has taken notes:
• Addiction involves changes in brain reward circuits • Genetics influence susceptibility to addiction • Environmental factors like trauma increase risk • Treatment includes therapy and sometimes medication • Stigma prevents many from seeking help
The student wants to explain the current scientific understanding of addiction.
Stigma surrounding addiction prevents many people from seeking help.
Science now understands addiction as involving brain changes in reward circuits, with both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors like trauma contributing to risk.
Genetics play a role in susceptibility to addiction.
Addiction treatment includes both therapy and medication.
Correct Answer: B
Choice B. Brain changes, genetics, and environment explain scientific understanding.