The A-theory of time holds that the present is metaphysically privileged—there's a fact about what's happening now. The B-theory holds that all times are equally real; 'now' is merely indexical like 'here,' with no privileged position. Special relativity seems to favor B-theory: the relativity of simultaneity means observers in different reference frames disagree about which events are 'now,' suggesting no absolute present. A-theorists respond with preferred reference frames or revisions to relativity's metaphysical interpretation.
Based on the passage, it can be inferred that
special relativity has no implications for philosophy of time
all philosophers agree about the metaphysics of time
A-theory and B-theory are identical positions
scientific theories may bear on metaphysical debates, though their implications may be contested
Correct Answer: D
Choice D is the best answer. Relativity is invoked against A-theory, but A-theorists contest its interpretation.
- Context clues: Relativity "seems to favor B-theory"; A-theorists offer responses including revising "metaphysical interpretation."
- Meaning: Science is relevant but its implications are debated.
- Verify: The back-and-forth shows science matters but isn't decisive.
💡 Strategy: When scientific findings are invoked in philosophy but contested, infer relevance with disputed implications.
Choice A is incorrect because relativity is explicitly cited as bearing on the debate. Choice B is incorrect because A-theory and B-theory are opposed positions. Choice C is incorrect because they're presented as contrasting theories.