_______, we noticed significant improvements in patient outcomes.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
After implementing the new treatment protocol
After the new treatment protocol was implemented
The new treatment protocol having been implemented
Implementation of the new treatment protocol
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the best answer. This question tests dangling modifier correction.
- Context clues: "We" is the subject, so the modifier must logically connect to "we."
- Meaning: "We" implemented the protocol and noticed improvements.
- Verify: "After implementing... we noticed" correctly shows "we" as the agent.
💡 Strategy: Ensure the subject immediately after the modifier is the one performing the action in the modifier.
Choice B is incorrect because it creates a dangling modifier (passive voice). Choice C is incorrect because it also uses passive, leaving "we" disconnected. Choice D is incorrect because it's a noun phrase that creates a fragment-like structure.